Behavior Driven Development

Behavior Driven Development (BDD) is a development process that originally associated with Test-Driven Development (TDD). 

BDD is written in a readable format in an understandable language for anyone involved in software development. 

BDD Features

• Providing better readability and visibility. 
• Verifying the software against customer requirements. 
• Assure the implementation of the system is correct.
• Derives examples of different expected behaviors of the system.
• Uses examples as acceptance tests.
• Focus on customer requirements throughout the development.

BDD Practice

There are two practices in BDD:- 

1. Specification by Example (SbE).
2. Test-Driven Development (TDD).

Specification by example (SbE) uses examples in conversation to illustrate the business rules and the behavior of the software. 

This uses to have a better understanding for Business Analyst, Product Owners, Testers and the Developers to reduce the misunderstanding about the business requirement.

Test-Driven Development (TDD) in the context of BDD turns examples into readable executable specifications. 

Developers use specifications as a guideline to implement the functionality. This helps to maintain a lean codebase and suite of automated regression tests to minimize the manual approach and maintain the software at a low cost.

BDD answers below areas which the developers having issues often:- 

1. Where to Test?
2. What to Test?
3. What not to Test?

Story Framework for above questions as below:-

Story Framework

As an (Admin User)<- Role

I want to (Login to Application) <- Feature

So that (Will navigate me to the Home Page of the Application) <- Benefit

From the above story framework what I have meant is "When a Login to Application Feature is executed, the resulting of User navigates to Home Page of the Application which is the Benefit is to the Admin User whos playing the Role.

Example Framework

Given Initial context, 

When an event occurs,

Then the result of the outcome according to the event.

In BDD we can bind the Story with the Scenarios which will be bonded with the example framework.

Story

As an Admin User 
I want to Login to Banking Application, 
so that I can see the Admin Screen.

Scenario I want to verify whether I can log in to banking application when I use an incorrect username and password.
Given I am on Banking application Login Page
When I enter the username "admin" on the username field
And I enter the password "min" on the password field
And I click on Login button
Then I should get error with an Invalid username or password.

Scenario Outline I want to verify whether the system allows us to login to the application with correct combination of username and password.
Given I am on the Banking application Login Page.
When I enter the username "<username>" on the username field
And I enter the password "<password>" on the password field
And I click on Login button
Then I should get navigate to the Admin Screen

Examples:
|username|password|
|admin|admin|


Specification By Example(SbE) Process Steps

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